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Agriculture
The agriculture industry in India relies on a variety of chemicals to enhance crop yield, protect plants from pests and diseases, and improve overall agricultural productivity. These chemicals can be broadly categorized into fertilizers, pesticides, and agrochemicals. Here are some key components in each category:
- Fertilizers
Nitrogenous Fertilizers: Urea, Ammonium sulfate, Ammonium phosphate.
Phosphatic Fertilizers: Single Super Phosphate (SSP), Triple Super Phosphate (TSP), Diammonium Phosphate (DAP).
Potassic Fertilizers: Potassium chloride, Potassium sulfate.
Complex Fertilizers: NPK combinations (Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium).
Organic Fertilizers: Manure, Compost, Vermicompost.
- Pesticides
Insecticides: Chlorpyrifos, Imidacloprid, Malathion, Neem-based products.
Herbicides: Glyphosate, 2,4-D, Paraquat.
Fungicides: Mancozeb, Carbendazim, Copper-based fungicides.
Rodenticides: Zinc phosphide, Bromadiolone.
- Agrochemicals
Plant Growth Regulators: Gibberellic acid, Auxins, Cytokinins.
Soil Conditioners: Gypsum, Lime, Humic acids.
Biopesticides: Bio-fungicides, Bio-insecticides, Bio-nematicides. - Adjuvants
Surfactants, Spreaders, Stickers.
- Specialty Chemicals
Micro-nutrients: Zinc, Iron, Boron, Manganese.
Agro Surfactants: Used in formulations to improve the spread and adhesion of pesticides. - Seed Treatment Chemicals
Fungicidal Seed Treatments: Thiram, Captan, Metalaxyl.
Insecticidal Seed Treatments: Clothianidin, Thiamethoxam.
- Organic Farming Inputs
Bio-fertilizers: Rhizobium, Azotobacter, Phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria.
Organic Pesticides: Neem-based products, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt).
It's important to note that the use of these chemicals should be in accordance with recommended guidelines and regulations to ensure sustainable and responsible agricultural practices. The government of India, through agencies like the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, regulates the production, sale, and use of agricultural chemicals to promote safe and effective use in farming. Additionally, there is a growing emphasis on sustainable and organic farming practices in India.